“The body thinks it’s fighting a foreign threat and will continue to fight it until it’s gone. That’s why diabetes is so devastating. We have to re-educate the body so it knows it shouldn’t fight itself.”

—Brian Fife, U of M assistant professor of immunology, describing his quest to eliminate or retrain the renegade CD4 T cells known to cause type 1 diabetes. His research has been supported by organizations including the Minnesota Lions Diabetes Foundation, Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation, American Diabetes Association, and National Institutes of Health.